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REPORT ON LOCAL BUDGET MANAGEMENT PERFORMANCE 2011: LOCAL BUDGET INDEX (LBI)Laporan Analisis Anggaran Daerah 2008-2011

Government budgets—both State budgets (APBNs) and local government budgets (APBDs)—are important instruments used by government to determine national and regional development priorities. Indeed, it could be said that government budgets mirror political decisions taken jointly by the executive and legislative wings of government. Such decisions necessarily have a big impact on community living standards: depending on the extent to which resultant budgetary expenditure brings benefit to people—especially for the poor and women—in the form of better public services. In short, budgets are yardsticks for measuring the extent to which governments govern for the people.

The KiPAD research project was the brainchild of a network of NGOs who then developed the idea and implemented it as a means of monitoring and evaluating local government budget performance. With support from The Asia Foundation (TAF), Seknas FITRA has carried out KiPAD studies since 2009. In that year and again in 2010, the study encompassed 42 kabupatens (districts) and cities in Indonesia and involved 28 civil society networks, including NGOs, other community groups and tertiary level research units.

The research’s overall aim has been to assess the extent to which principles of good governance (transparency, participation, accountability and gender equality) are being integrated into local budgetary processes. More specifically, it has aimed to provide feedback to local governments to help them lift their budget management performance across all phases of the budgetary cycle. By looking at this report, local governments will be able to tell to what extent their budgetary processes are in accord with requirements outlined in the study and will hopefully be inspired by innovative practices put in place by other governments. We also hope that the central government will treat the study as a chance to have a fresh look at national policies for improved sub-national budget performance throughout Indonesia. NGOs too should be able to use KiPAD as a resource for their advocacy work, particularly on budgetary issues—especially pro-poor budgeting in areas studied.

This report—coordinated by Seknas FITRA and supported by TAF and USAID‘s Kinerja Program— incorporates findings of research on budget management in 20 kabupatens and cities for the 2011 fiscal year. It focuses on four stages of the budgetary cycle: 1) planning: which involves various local government activities preparatory to the drafting of annual local budgets; 2) discussion: at this point local governments discuss and reach decisions on budgets they have drafted; 3) implementation: this phase sees local governments carrying out approved budget programs in accordance with allocated funding; and 4) public accountability: at this point governments render an account of implemented budget programs and expenditure. Budget management cycle encompassed four stages: 1.Budget planning 2.Budget discussions 3.Budget implementation and 4.Budget accountability

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Anggaran merupakan salah satu instrument ekonomi pemerintah untuk menjalankan kebijakan dan rencananya. Hakikat desentralisasi adalah untuk mendekatkan pelayanan publik kepada masyarakatnya dan untuk mendorong pengembangan ekonomi sesuai dengan kondisi yang berbeda-beda di daerah. Anggaran merupakan instrument yang dapat “menerjemahkan” kebijakan dari rencana pemerintah dalam program dan kegiatan. Sejauhmana pemerintah suatu daerah mendorong pengembangan ekonomi dan layanan publik yang lebih baik, lebih berpihak kepada masyarakat miskin (pro-poor) dan gender responsif atau sebaliknya dapat terefleksi dari anggarannya.

Penelitian anggaran daerah telah dua kali dilaksanakan seknas FITRA bersama masyarakat sipil di daerah dan The Asia Foundation. Penelitian yang ketiga ini dilakukan dalam konteks program KINERJA (didanai oleh United States Agency for International  Development/USAID), sebagai bagian dari konsorsium yang dipimpin oleh Research Triangel Institute (RTI) International. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai data dasar sebelum intervensi pelaksananan program. Studi Anggaran daerah Local Budget Study/LBS) mencakup dua komponen yang terdiri atas :

Analisis Anggaran Daerah (AAD) juga dikenal Local Budget Analysis (LBA) merupakan penelitian untuk menilai efisiensi dan efektifitas kebijakan anggaran daerah dalam menjawab kebutuhan warganya.

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